THE 1796 PATTERN was not so much a change of pattern but a change of hilt. The dimensions and requirements of the blade did not change from the 1786 Pattern but the main difference was the adoption of a double-shell guard. It is this pattern of sword that is most commonly encountered. Later examples of the 1786 Pattern already have a rigid double-shell guard that was superceded in 1796 for one that had a folding guard. This adaptation enabled the officer to avoid fraying his uniform. A rarer, NCO pattern with fixed guard is also noted and displays a plain brass hilt, blade and scabbard mounts. Officers’ blades are frequently decorated in blue and gilt, although few have survived in reasonable condition.
Many examples are marked “JJ Runkel” to the blade. John Justus Runkel had an office in London and was a major importer of German blades (from Solingen) for the British Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Other makers’ names found on 1796 Pattern blades include Birmingham sword makers, Woolley and Deakin and London makers, Brunn, Prosser and Salter.
The 1796 Pattern was the mainstay of the British Infantry Officer for over 25 years. Its obvious defects, including miminal protection for the hand and a rather flimsy blade, led to contempt from some officers as to its fighting capabilities and it was no doubt the cause of many unnecessary deaths amongst British officers.
© Harvey Withers Military Publishing, 2024